Gas-engine.



J. H. PIERCE.

GAS ENGINE.

(APPLICATION FILED MAR. 55, 1909.

2 BHEETSBHEET 1.

Patented Apr. 9, 1912.

J. H. PIERCE. GAS ENGINE APPLIOATION FILED MAR. 5, 1909.

41, 2,502, P'tmea Apr. 9, 1912.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

INVENTOR 791W. .j g

ATTORNEY "l '"x i mini i ii iii ii.

JAI'EES Iii. PIERCE, F BAY CITY, MIi'JI-IIGAN.

GAS-ENGIN Specification of Letters EPatexit.

I'Pet-euted Apr. 9. 3.912.

Application filed March 5, 190-8. Serial No. 481,285.

To all w/lom 2'; may concern:

it known that I, Jiiriins H. Pinhole, citizen of the United States, residing at City, in the county of Bay and State of l/lichig'ein, have invented certain new and cycle as engines which retainsthe cylinder 1'3 throughout its length at a comparatively low and equal temperature.

In two cycle engines in which the water jacket has not been extended below t" e ports. the lower unjacketed end of the cylinder becomes very hot and tends to warp or cant, owing to the expansion of the metal. This sets up an undesirable strain, causing the piston to bind in the cylinder as well bringing! a longitudinal thrust on the crank shaft. which injures the bearings.

Ll. still further object of my invention is tl'ieprovision chin-cons for draining the water jaclet which will pemnit the disengagement of the engine from the exhaust and drain pipes without :lisassen'iliiling or disturbing the arrangement of the hitter.

Still another object is the provision of 'lll1 proved means for connecting the combined inlet and exhaust member to the cylinden To these and other ends, my invention consists in certain novel features and coinhinations such as wil be more fully described hereinafter and particularly point ed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical cross-e ii nal VlLW through an engine ci'instructcd in accordance with my invention, Fig. 2 is n detail View of one of the gaskets, Fig. 3 an end view partly in section oi my invention. showing" the water pump. Fig. i asideyiew on a reifloced scale. showing the water passage cast integral with the upper half of the crank case. 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view through the engine and exhaust port member, Fig. 6 is a detail view of the cap which. permits the exhaust port member to be drained, and Fig. '7 is an enlarged detail View of the joint between the member and the cylinder.

I will first describe my invention as applied to single cylinder two-cycle engines of which Fig. l is a type. Such engines comprise a closed crank ease formed of two 013- positely flanged sections it end 2, hinges of which are bolted together as at 3, 3, and

cylinder 4 which may either he cast integral with the upper half of the crank case or TfOllTlQCl separately therefrom and flanged as at. 5, the flange being bolted as at 6 to a seat 7 formed in the upper face of the upper section.

The crank shaft 1] is suitably journaled in hearings 1.1 carried by the crank case, and a. piston rod 12 connects the shaft with a hollow piston 13 operating in the cylinder The cylinder 4 is provided with a D- port M, an exhaust port 15 and an intake port 16, the exhaust and intake ports being located adjacent each other. The wall of the cylinder is thickened or swelled as at and chan'ihercd out to form the exhaust and intake port openings 17, 18, which are laterally Mongnted in the manner shown in Fig. 5. The outer surface of the thickened portion is faced oil as atl9 and a semi-circular opening 20 may be provided in such thickened portion. This opening 20 partly out not wholly surrounds the exhaustport 17 and communicates with a water passage 21 which may he formed in. the wall of the cylinder, such being provided with an opening" 22 located at the head of the cylinder and connecting the passage with the water jacket of the cylinder.

Heretofore two cycle gas engines have only been water jai'zketed to the exhaust. The disadvantage adherent therein is that the'high temperature communicated to the cylinder by the explosion of successive charges is transmitted to the open uncooled portion of the cylinder and causes the cyl inder to warp out oi shape. To avoid the former ijlisail antages. I provide the cylinder at a point below the intake port and preterahly near the inner end of such cylin der with a. circumferential collar 22 and form a reinovahle cup-sha 'ied sheet metal water jacket 23 which incloses the cylinder and. extends around the collar. The lower edge of such sl ct metal water jacket is reinovahly securec. on the collar in any suitable manner as hy shrinking a band 24: the'rearound, which band, when cool, con tracts and presses the lower edge of the jacket tightly against the collar. WVhen it is desired to remove the jacket, all that is necessary is to cut the band. The jacket extends to a point at least even with the lower receiving end of the D-port 14 and below the exhaust port. I

The sheet metal j acket removably mounted on the cylinder and extending to a point below the exhaust port. operates to cool the cylinder below the point of greatest. temperature and retains a more even temperature throughout the lengthof the cylinder. It effects a better result than if cast integral with the cylinder-because it reduces the temperature around the exhaust port and relieves the uneven strain on the cylinder caused heretofore by the difference in temperature on opposite sides of the cylinder. Furthermore, in a cast water jacket there is no way of ascertaining whether there are differences in thickness in the wall of the cylinder and it is possible that the cylinder wall might be too thin in spots. cases where the water jacket is cast integral with the cylinder, there is a difference in the casting between the inside and out-side shells. The shrinkage of the thinner and cooler outside wall differs from the shrinkage of the inside wall, thereby causing a warpage. Also, the metal does not take as fine a grain in the inside wall, which renders" the cylinder wall porous and seriously affects its wear. I

The water jacket is cut away to conform to and register with thecontour of the thickened portion 25 of the cylinder to permit the chambered member 26 between the exhaust pipe (not shown) and the cylinder to communicate with the exhaust and intake ports.

The chambered member consists of a flanged elbow partly water jacketed, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4, the elbow provided with an internal wall 27 separating the exhaust from the intake chambers. The ex haust chamber 28 of the elbow is completely water jacketed, as shown at 29, except at the wall 27 between the exhaust and intake chambers. The water jacket 29 of the' elbow registers with the semi-circular opening 20 partially surrounding the cylinder exhaust opening 17. The elbow exhaust chamber 28 registers with the elongated cylinder exhaust opening 17 and the intake chamber 30 registers with the elongated cylinder intake opening 18.

In order to drain off all water in the elbow water jacket as well as affording an periphery of the aperture being threaded to receive one end of the exhaust pipe (not shown). The annular groove 32 of the cap is provided with bridges 33 set back from the inner face of the cap to permit the passage of water therearound. These bridges atibrd the required thickness of metal for the bolts or other fastening means securing the cap to the elbow. The lowest point of the cap is equipped with a nipple 34: tapping the annular groove 32, and an overflow pipe (not shown) leads from said nipple to the reservoir or other supply. By means of this construction, the engine can be disconnected by merely removing the fastening means securing the cap to the elbow, leaving the cap in place with the attached piping. There is no necessity for disassembling the piping.

As a means for securing the elbow tightly to the cylinder, I may employ the following constructioni It will be remembered that the water jacket shell 23' is apertured to conform to the contour of the flattened face 19 around the cylinder exhaust and intake openings. A thick apertured gasket 38 is provided, the apertures in the gasket registering with thewater passage opening'20, the exhaust opening 17 and the intake opens ing 18. The gasket 38 is fitted into the aperture in the water jacket shell. A similarly apertured gasket 39 conforming to the contour of the inner end of the chambered member, is interposed between the member and the shell, and bolts 40 or other fastening means are provided to secure the member to the cylinder. The pressure exerted by the fastening: means compresses the gaskets and forms an air-and water-tight joint between the intake and exhaust chambers and the water jacket space relative to each other and to the atmosphere.

A carbureter pipe 41 communicates with the intake chamber" 30.

A pump 35 draQvs water from any suitable source andforces it upward through a water passage 36 in the upper half of the crank casing to a port 37 discharging into the cylinder water acket.

The water circulation in my invention is so arranged that the water, when at its coolest temperature, will engage the hottest part of the cylinder. Thus, the water is pumped through the port 37 into the cylinder water jacket at a point below and adjacent the exhaust port 15 and its enlarged opening 17, the passage 36 leading through the collar 22, as seen in Figs. 3 and 5. The water encircles the cylinder and as it is heated, ascends until it arrives at the highest point in the water jacket, whereupon it overflows into the opening 22 of the water passage 21. Entering/passage 21,the water passes through 'opening 20 partially surrounding the exhaust port, and enters the elbow water jacket 29, whence it is led to the annular groove 32' of the cap 31 and escapes via the nipple 34 and overflow pipe.

It will be observed that the water jacket 29 extends over the outer bend of the elbow at the very point where the flame of the exthoroughly drained.

Having thus fully disclosed my invention,

whatI claim as new, is:

a to a point below the exhaust l. A gas engine comprising a cylinder having intake and exhaust ports and a water passage leading downward from the outer end of the cylinder, which passage is open at its outer and inner ends, a water jacket inclosingv the cylinder and extending to a point below the exhaust port, means communicating with the lower end of the water passage for receiving the overflow, and.

means for introducing water to the water jacket at a point adjacent the exhaust port. 2QA water circulation for gas engines comprising a cylinder and a crank case, the former having intake and exhaustports and a water passage leading from its outer end to a point adjacent the exhaust port,a water jacket inclosing the cylinder and extending v port, means communicating with the lower end of the Water passage for receiving the overflow, the crank case provided with a water passage for leading water to the space between the cylinder and water jacket at a point below and adjacent the exhaust port, the water adapted to overflow into the outer end of the passage in the cylinder.

3. A circulation system for gas engines comprising a cylinder having a Water passage open at opposite ends and extending port, a water ing a water from the outer end of the cylinder, means communicating with the inner end of the water passage to receive the overflow, a

water jacket removably inclosingthecylinder, and means for supplying liquidto the inner end of the cylinder, the-liquid when at its highest temperature adapted to overflow into the outer end of the water passage.

4:. A water circulation for gas engines comprising a. cylinder having an exhaust jacket inclosing the cylinder and extending past the exhaust port, a memher having an exhaust chamber in communication with the exhaust port, a water jacket for said chamber, the cylinder provided with a water into the water jacket of her, and-an annularly grooved cap removf ably secured to the member, the water jacket of the member communicating with the groove in the cap, the cap provided with an overflow outlet for draining the last named water jacket,'and means for supplyingthe cylinder jacket with water.

5. The combination with acylinder hav jacket and an exhaust port, of a chambered membercommunicating with the port, a water jacket partially surrounding the chambered member, an annularly recessed cap with which the water jacket of: the member communicates, the cap provided with an overflow opening,-and means for conducting water after its passage through the cylinder water jacket to the water jacket of the chambered member.

In testimony whereof, I aihx my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES H. PIERCE. lVitnesses:

CURTIS E. PIERCE, JOHN E. KINMAUL.

passage extending from the head of the cylinder and discharging the exhaust cham 

